{"id":8095,"date":"2026-06-30T05:51:02","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T05:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/?p=8095"},"modified":"2026-06-30T05:51:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T05:51:02","slug":"g10-epoxy-fiberglass-laminate-properties-machining-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/hi\/g10-epoxy-fiberglass-laminate-properties-machining-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"G10 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f: \u0917\u0941\u0923, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>G10 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0932\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093f\u091f \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u0941\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u092a\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f-\u0938\u0947-\u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u0915\u092e \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923, \u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0932\u093e\u092d \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u091f\u0940\u092e \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902, \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091a\u092f\u0928, \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u0924\u0915 \u0938\u092c \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 2rem 0;\"><figcaption style=\"font-size: 0.9rem; color: #666; margin-top: 0.6rem;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8097\" src=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/1-20.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/1-20.png 700w, https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/1-20-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/1-20-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>1. \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/h2>\n<p>\u0915\u0908 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 G10 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0916\u094d\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>1.1 NEMA G-10 \u0914\u0930 FR-4 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915<\/h3>\n<p>\u092f\u0942.\u090f\u0938. \u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928\u0932 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928 (NEMA) \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 G-10 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f FR-4 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 19\u201350 kV\/mm \u0915\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0925, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0924\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924 310 MPa, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0935\u0932\u0928 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924 450 MPa \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>1.2 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0928 MIL-I-24768\/2<\/h3>\n<p>\u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, MIL-I-24768\/2 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 GEE) \u092c\u0948\u091a \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940, \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0916\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u2264 0.1% \u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923, \u221260\u00b0C \u0938\u0947 +140\u00b0C \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u091c\u094d\u0935\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>1.3 \u0906\u0908\u0908\u0938\u0940 60893 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915<\/h3>\n<p>\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924-\u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u094b\u0917 IEC 60893 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b G10 \u0914\u0930 FR-4 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u2264 5.4, \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092f \u0917\u0941\u0923\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u2264 0.035, \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915 \u2265 130\u00b0C \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092d\u094c\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h2>2. \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921<\/h2>\n<p>\u0914\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0947, \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930 G10 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u0926\u0902\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924, \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915, \u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.5rem 0; font-size: 0.95rem;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n<th>\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940<\/th>\n<th>\u0906\u092e \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e<\/th>\n<th>\u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924<\/td>\n<td>\u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940: 19\u201350 kV\/mm<br \/>\n\u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915\u0924\u093e: 10\u00b9\u00b2\u201310\u00b9\u2074 \u03a9\u00b7\u0938\u0947\u092e\u0940<\/td>\n<td>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928; \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915<\/td>\n<td>\u0924\u0928\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094d\u092f: 250\u2013350 \u090f\u092e\u092a\u0940\u090f<br \/>\n\u0935\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e: 300\u2013500 \u090f\u092e\u092a\u0940\u090f<br \/>\n\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u0928 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f: 400\u2013500 \u090f\u092e\u092a\u0940\u090f<br \/>\n\u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935: 1.8\u20131.95 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\/\u0938\u0947\u092e\u0940\u00b3<\/td>\n<td>\u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e; \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f<\/td>\n<td>\u0915\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 (Tg): 130\u2013180\u00b0C<br \/>\n\u0938\u0924\u0924 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928: 120\u2013140\u00b0C<br \/>\n\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0940\u092f \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e: ~0.3 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td>\n<td>\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928; \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e-\u0935\u093f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \/ \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f<\/td>\n<td>\u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923: 0.05\u20130.3%<br \/>\n\u0924\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902, \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u092e\u0940\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u091c\u094d\u0935\u0932\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e<\/td>\n<td>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 G10: UL94 HB<br \/>\n\u090f\u092b\u0906\u0930-4 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921: \u092f\u0942\u090f\u093294 \u0935\u0940-0<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0930\u094d\u0921 G10 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948; \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f-\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 FR-4 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>3. \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/h2>\n<p>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f G10 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u093f\u091f \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0935\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>3.1 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e G10 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u093e\u0926\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/strong>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 0.2 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 50 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948; 100 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0905\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e-\u092e\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1020\u00d71220 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 1220\u00d72440 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0921\u0902\u0921\u0947<\/strong>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 6 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 200 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u0915, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 1000 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 2000 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0964 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u093f\u0928, \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0921\u0949\u0935\u0947\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0918\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0936\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/strong>\u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 10\u2013500 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940, \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 1\u201320 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940, \u0932\u0902\u092c\u093e\u0908 1\u20132 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.2 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/h3>\n<p>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 G10 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0947\u0921-\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u0916\u093e\u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092b\u0948\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0924\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0932\u0939\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u091c\u093e\u0935\u091f\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0927\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u092e\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 20 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<p>\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u00b10.10 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u00b10.30 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u0924\u0932\u0924\u093e \u2264 0.5 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940\/\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0921, \u092e\u0948\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0932\u0949\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092b\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0947\u0902<\/h2>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u092d\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, G10 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u0942\u0920\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>4.1 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0938\u0940\u090f\u0928\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/h4>\n<p>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e G10 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0932\u0949\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u092a\u0949\u0915\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u091f\u0942\u0930 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u090f\u0928\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0939\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u092f\u093e \u0921\u093e\u092f\u092e\u0902\u0921-\u0915\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0921 50\u2013150 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930\/\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 0.2\u20130.5 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940, \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u0940\u0921 \u0926\u0930 0.05\u20130.20 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940\/\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091f\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0927\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u093e \u092b\u094d\u0932\u0921 \u0915\u0942\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0938\u0940\u090f\u0928\u0938\u0940 \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/h4>\n<p>CNC \u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 G10 \u0930\u0949\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0918\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 2000\u20134000 \u0906\u0930\u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0925\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u091f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 5\u201310 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092b\u0940\u0921 \u0926\u0930 0.03\u20130.08 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940\/\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0938\u0940\u090f\u0928\u0938\u0940 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/h4>\n<p>G10 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0941\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940 \u091b\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u092a\u0943\u0925\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b 135\u00b0 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0949\u0907\u0902\u091f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u091f\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0940\u0921 30\u201360 \u092e\u0940\/\u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092a \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u2264 2\u00d7 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092a\u0947\u0915 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u092f \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u091b\u0947\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0947\u0921 \u091b\u0947\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0947\u0921 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u091f\u0948\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0906\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u091f\u0928\u093e<\/h4>\n<p>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0940\u091f \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0915\u091f\u094c\u0924\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0907\u0902\u091a 8\u201312 \u0926\u093e\u0901\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u0928-\u091f\u0942\u0925 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u0941\u0932\u0930 \u0938\u0949 \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u0924\u093f 600\u20131000 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0928\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u091c\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u092a \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092b\u0940\u0921 \u0930\u0947\u091f \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0927\u0942\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0935\u0949\u091f\u0930\u091c\u0947\u091f \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/h4>\n<p>10 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0906\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0949\u091f\u0930\u091c\u0947\u091f \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 3000\u20134000 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e-\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u092a-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u00b10.10 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0930 \u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 2rem 0;\"><figcaption style=\"font-size: 0.9rem; color: #666; margin-top: 0.6rem;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8098\" src=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/2-13.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/2-13.png 700w, https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/2-13-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/2-13-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>4.2 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0938<\/h3>\n<p>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0947, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u092d\u094c\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0928 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094d\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0940:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u092f\u0928<\/strong>\u0915\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902; \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 5\u201310 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u0923\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f<\/strong>\u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0918\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0908 \u0909\u0925\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u091f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0917\u0924\u093f 6000\u201312000 \u0906\u0930\u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0939\u0948, \u092b\u0940\u0921 \u0926\u0930 0.02\u20130.08 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940\/\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0923\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0930\u094d-\u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0930\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0928\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932, \u092a\u0940\u0924\u0932 \u092f\u093e \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u0947\u0921 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0925\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b 3\u20135 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. \u092c\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092b\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/h2>\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 G10 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0924\u0939\u0940 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093f\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902, G10 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>5.1 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925<\/strong>\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0948\u092a \u0936\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 18\u201325 MPa \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925<\/strong>\u0924\u0947\u091c\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0936\u0940\u092f\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924 12\u201318 MPa \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u094b\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947\u091f \u091a\u093f\u092a\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925<\/strong>: \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947-\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0928\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090a\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u092e \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930-\u0935\u0939\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.2 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930<\/h3>\n<p>\u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 30\u201350% \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0948\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u093e 80\u2013120 \u092e\u0947\u0937 \u090f\u0932\u0941\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f \u092c\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u0941\u0930\u0926\u0930\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0940\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092e\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0932\u094c \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0907\u0938\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0939\u0932 \u092f\u093e \u090f\u0938\u0940\u091f\u094b\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>5.3 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u091a\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0928\u093e<\/strong>Ra &lt; 0.8 \u03bcm \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0940, \u091a\u092e\u0915\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u091c\u093e\u0935\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0928\u094b\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093f\u0902\u0917 \/ \u0938\u0948\u0902\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0915\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u091f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092b\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u093e\u0915\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u091c\u093e\u0935\u091f\u0940 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928<\/strong>: \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0930\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0905\u0928\u0942\u0920\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/h2>\n<p>G10 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0947\u091a\u0928<\/strong>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924-\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u092a\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f-\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f-\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u0947\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e 55\u201365 \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0947\u0917 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u092b\u0948\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e 35\u201345% \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0921 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0917 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0932\u0947\u0906\u0909\u091f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0948\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>\u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0926\u093f\u0936\u0940\u092f, \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938-\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0908 (0\u00b0\/90\u00b0), \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930<\/strong>\u0915\u0902\u0938\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0921\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u2265 6.9 MPa (1000 psi) \u0926\u092c\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 160\u2013180\u00b0C \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924-\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915 \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935, \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a\u0923 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0915\u094b 150\u2013170\u00b0C \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0908 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0903 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>7. \u0932\u093e\u092d, \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e<\/h2>\n<p>\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b G10 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0924\u094c\u0932\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u0948\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>7.1 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u093e\u092d<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f-\u0938\u0947-\u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924<\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0918\u0928\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928<\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e-\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0906\u092f\u0924\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0942\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0915\u0924\u093e<\/strong>\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0924\u0947\u0932\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0939\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0917\u0924 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092d\u093e<\/strong>\u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0930\u0902\u0917\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>7.2 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0917\u0948\u0930-\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f<\/strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u093f\u0918\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928-\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923<\/strong>\u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0928, \u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e-\u0938\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 20\u201330% \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u092e \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e<\/strong>\u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092d\u0902\u0917\u0941\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/strong>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u092e \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u091b\u0940\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0927\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0916\u0924\u0930\u093e<\/strong>\u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0927\u0942\u0932 \u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0927\u0942\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>7.3 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 1.5rem 0; font-size: 0.95rem;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n<th>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/th>\n<th>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/th>\n<th>\u0906\u092e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u091c\u094010 (\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d)<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928: \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940, \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e<\/td>\n<td>\u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092b\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091a\u0930, \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0948\u0928\u0932, \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u090f\u092b\u0906\u0930-4<\/td>\n<td>UL94 V-0 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 G10 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/td>\n<td>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u092c\u0940, \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u093e \/ \u092b\u0947\u0928\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f<\/td>\n<td>\u0915\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924, \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\/\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923<\/td>\n<td>\u0915\u093f\u092b\u093e\u092f\u0924\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0915\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932, \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093f\u091f<\/td>\n<td>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f-\u0938\u0947-\u0935\u091c\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0924, \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0935\u091c\u0928, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0902\u0917\u093e<\/td>\n<td>\u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 (\u092a\u0940\u0908\u0908\u0915\u0947, \u092a\u0940\u090f, \u0906\u0926\u093f)<\/td>\n<td>\u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0964<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947, \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0935\u0930\u0923<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>8. \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091a\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941<\/h2>\n<p>G10 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0916\u094b\u091c\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>8.1 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928<\/h3>\n<p>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 0.2 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 50 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0936\u0940\u091f \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0935\u094d\u092f\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092c\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u091f\u0940\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>8.2 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928<\/h3>\n<p>\u0905\u0917\u0932\u093e, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902:<br \/>\n\u2013 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e: \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f-\u0938\u0902\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f UL94 V-0 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 FR-4 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n\u2013 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928: \u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f RoHS \u0914\u0930 REACH \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br \/>\n\u2013 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917: \u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f MIL-I-24768\/2 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h3>8.3 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915<\/h3>\n<p>\u0905\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902:<br \/>\n\u2013 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908: 20 \u092e\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924, \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n\u2013 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e: FR-4 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0932\u094b\u091c\u0928-\u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 G10 \u0938\u0947 10\u201325% \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<br \/>\n\u2013 \u0915\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0932\u0941\u0915: \u0938\u091c\u093e\u0935\u091f\u0940 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0902\u0917, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0927\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u092e\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u091f \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 10\u201330% \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<br \/>\n\u2013 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e: \u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>9. \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935<\/h2>\n<p>\u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 G10 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u092c \u092f\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u093e \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>9.1 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h3>\n<p>G10 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e 60% \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 15\u201325\u00b0C \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0942\u0916\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0935\u094d\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0947 20\u201330% \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0928\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u0942\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>9.2 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/h3>\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f G10 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0916\u0941\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u0932\u0947\u0902\u091f \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0949\u0932\u0940\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0947\u0925\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 50\u201370% \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>9.3 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h3>\n<p>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u093e\u0907\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u0921\u093e\u0909\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 10\u201312 \u092e\u0939\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u094b 10\u00b9\u00b2 \u03a9\u00b7cm \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>9.4 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/h3>\n<p>\u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 G10 \u0918\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u0932\u0940\u092f\u0942\u0930\u0947\u0925\u0947\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0949\u0932\u0940\u092e\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0924\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0915\u094b \u0927\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 5 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h2>10. \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/h2>\n<p>\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, G10 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924<\/strong>\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u092c\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u0935\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091c \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928, \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093f\u091a\u0917\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong>: \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915 \u091c\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0938, \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092b\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091a\u0930, \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u093f\u092e, \u0918\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0917\u093f\u092f\u0930\u094d\u0938, \u0938\u0940\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u0949\u0936\u0930<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/strong>\u0935\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0948\u0928\u0932, \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923, \u0930\u0921\u093e\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u0938\u0947\u0902\u092c\u0932\u0940<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915<\/strong>\u092a\u0902\u092a \u0938\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f, \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u0948\u0928\u0932, \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091a\u0930<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926<\/strong>: \u091a\u093e\u0915\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932, \u0906\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092a, \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0921\u0932, \u0916\u0947\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/li>\n<li><strong>3\u0921\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u091f\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/strong>3\u0921\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092c\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0924\u0939\u0947\u0902, \u0935\u0947\u0935 \u0938\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093f\u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 2rem 0;\"><figcaption style=\"font-size: 0.9rem; color: #666; margin-top: 0.6rem;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-8099\" src=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3-6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3-6.png 700w, https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3-6-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/3-6-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>11. \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928<\/h2>\n<h3>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 1: G10 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/h3>\n<p>FR-4 G10 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f\u0924\u092e \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f FR-4 \u092e\u0947\u0902 UL94 V-0 \u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0906\u0917-\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0902; \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924, \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093f-\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f FR-4 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 2: \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e G10 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941?<\/h3>\n<p>G10 \u0928 \u0924\u094b \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0938\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093f\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924, \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0902\u0917-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>Q3: \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e G10 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0901, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0936 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0926\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0918\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093f\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0942\u0935\u0940-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0917\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>Q4: \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e G10 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f-\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948?<\/h3>\n<p>G10 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u092e\u094d\u0932\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0905\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u092e \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f PEEK \u092f\u093e HDPE \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 FDA-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h3>Q5: G10 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948?<\/h3>\n<p>G10 \u0907\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0936\u0940\u091f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b NEMA \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0936\u0940\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u0924\u093e\u0915\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092a\u0949\u0932\u093f\u090f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0930\u0947\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u094b\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928-\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/h2>\n<p>G10 \u090f\u092a\u0949\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940 \u092b\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0948\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093f\u091f \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0939\u0928, \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938\u092e\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0909\u092a\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u092f\u0928, \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0915\u0930, G10 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924-\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G10 is a high-performance thermoset laminated composite that uses woven fiberglass fabric as reinforcement and epoxy resin as the binding matrix. It delivers an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, outstanding electrical insulation, low moisture absorption, and stable chemical resistance, so it acts as a foundational engineering material for industrial insulation, precision tooling, aerospace, and marine sectors. To [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8097,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[407,408,405,404,406],"class_list":["post-8095","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-material-guide","tag-cnc-machining-process","tag-composite-material-selection","tag-fiberglass-composite","tag-g10-epoxy-board","tag-industrial-insulation-material"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>G10 Epoxy Fiberglass Laminate: Properties, Machining &amp; Applications -PartsMastery<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/partsmastery.com\/hi\/g10-epoxy-fiberglass-laminate-properties-machining-applications\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hi_IN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G10 Epoxy Fiberglass Laminate: Properties, Machining &amp; Applications -PartsMastery\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"G10 is a high-performance thermoset laminated composite that uses woven fiberglass fabric as reinforcement and epoxy resin as the binding matrix. It delivers an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, outstanding electrical insulation, low moisture absorption, and stable chemical resistance, so it acts as a foundational engineering material for industrial insulation, precision tooling, aerospace, and marine sectors. 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